53. Ignorantia juris non excusat – ignorance of the law is no excuse. Or ignorance of the law excuses no one. In other words, a person who is not aware of a law cannot escape responsibility for violating that law simply because he did not know its contents. Or leave the main answer. In other words, it means holding the employer or client legally liable for the illegal acts of an employee or agent committed in the course of employment or agency. Read with IPC sections 154 and 155. Most lawyers like to throw Latin phrases. The reason for this is that the legal system of ancient Rome had a strong influence on the legal systems of most Western countries. After all, the Romans had once conquered most of Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa.
The Roman motto was divide et impera (dee-vee-deh eht im-peh-rah) – “Divide and rule”. When they conquered nations, they set out to “Latinize” the “barbarians” (anyone who was not Roman). Their goal was to teach them to think, act and be like true Romans. As the Roman Empire disintegrated and disappeared, the new orders in all these countries gradually adapted the existing legal system. England (and most of its former colonies) and the United States of America use a variant of ancient Roman law called “common law”. That`s why today`s lawyers love these Latin phrases! (Well, that and the fact that you can`t get out of law school without mastering it.) Legal maxims are established legal principles that are generally accepted, and people in the legal field are well aware of these words. These are mainly Latin words or a combination of a few words. Just like in geometry, we have axioms; In law, we have legal maxims and expressions.
Maxims are used in legal documents and are also required in legal exams such as CLAT, Justiz and semi-annual exams. Simply put, this is a fundamental legal maxim of the agency`s law. This is a maxim that is often stated when it comes to the employer`s liability for the employee`s action in matters of vicarious liability (indirectly, second-hand). Id is (that is) – That is. Id quod commune est, nostrum esse dicitur – What is customary belongs to us. Ditto – The same person or thing. Ditto nihil dicere and insufficienter dicere is – It`s the same to say nothing as not to say enough. Ignorantia facti excusat, ignorantia juris non excusat – ignorance of factual excuses, ignorance of the law does not excuse.
Imperium in imperio – A sovereignty within a sovereignty. Impotentia excusat legem – impossibility is an excuse in the law. Impunitas semper ad deteriora invitat – impunity always leads to greater crimes. In aequali jure melior est conditio possidentis – If the parties have equal rights, the condition of the owner is better. In alta proditione nullus potest esse acessorius; sed principalis solum modo – In high treason, no one can be an accomplice; But only one principle. In Anglia no is interregnum – In England there is no interregnum. In the camera – private. In casu extremae necessitatis omnia sunt communia – In case of extreme necessity, everything is common. In criminalibus probationes debent esse luce clariores – In criminal cases, evidence needs to be clarified more than light. In curia domini regis, ipse in propria persona jura discernit – At the king`s court, the king himself pronounces the law in his own person. In delicto – guilt.
In esse – In existence. In extenso – In full length. In fictione legis aequitas existit – A legal fiction is compatible with justice. In foro conscientiae – At the Forum of Consciousness. In futoro – In the future. In jure non remota causa sed proxima spectatur – In the law, not the withdrawn, but the immediate cause is taken into account. In limine – At the beginning, at the threshold. In loco parentis – Instead of the parent. In mortua manu – In a dead hand. In novo casu novum remedium apponendum est – In a new case, a new remedy should be applied. In omni re nascitur res quae ipsam rem exterminat – In everything is born what destroys the thing itself. In pari delicto potior est conditio possidentis – If the parties are also wrong, the owner`s condition is better.
In personam – Against the person. In pleno – In full length. In quo quis delinquit in eo de jure est puniendus – In any way, you insult that you should be punished in accordance with the law. In re dubia magis inficiatio quam affirmatio intelligenda – In a doubtful matter, the negative is more to be understood than the affirmative. In republica maxime conservanda sunt jura belli – In a state, special attention must be paid to the laws of war. In situ – In its place. In terrorem – As a warning or deterrent. In testamentis plenius testatoris intentionem scrutamur – In wills we diligently seek the intention of the testator. In traditionibus scriptorum non quod dictum est, sed quod gestum est, inspicitur – When submitting writings (acts), it is not necessary to take into account what is said, but what is done.
In verbis, non verba sed res et ratio quaerenda est – Words are not words, but the material and meaning to be questioned. Circumstantial evidence – trademarks, characters. Injuria non excusat injuriam – An injustice does not excuse injustice. Intentio inservire debet legibus, non leges intentioni – intention must be subordinated to laws, not to the laws of intention. Among other things – Among other things. Interest reipublicae res judicatas non rescindi – It is in the interest of the State that things judged are not annulled. Interest reipublicae suprema hominum testamenta rata haberi – It is in the interest of the state that the last will of the people be maintained. Interest reipublicae ut quilibet re sua bene utatur – It is in the interest of the state that everyone uses their own property correctly. Interest reipublicase ut sit finis litium – It is in the interest of the State that disputes be brought to an end. Interim – Temporary, in the meantime.
Interpretare et concordare leges legibus est optimus interpretandi modus – The interpretation and harmonization of laws is the best method of interpretation. Interpretatio fienda est ut res magis valeat quam pereat – Such a construction must be done in such a way that the thing can have an effect instead of failing. Interruptio multiplex non tollit praescriptionem semel obtentam – Repeated interruption does not go against a recipe once received. Invito beneficium non datur – A benefit is not granted against your consent. Ipsissima verba – The words of a speaker. Ipso facto – Exactly by this fact. Ira furor brevis est – Anger is a short folly. Iter arma leges silent – In times of war, laws are silent. English legal terms are full of Latin words and expressions. Some of these terms are so common that you use them today without any problems or confusion. Take, for example, these words: A list of important legal maxims and foreign words that will help you accurately understand aspects of legal capacity.
